Tourism

Tourism is go for delight; likewise the hypothesis and routine of visiting, the matter of drawing in, obliging, and enthralling sightseers, and the matter of working tours.Tourism might be global, or inside the explorer's nation. The World Tourism Organization characterizes tourism all the more by and large, in wording which go "past the regular view of tourism as being restricted to occasion action just ", as individuals "going to and staying in spots outside their typical surroundings for not more than one back to back year for recreation, business and other purposes"

Tourism can be residential or universal, and worldwide tourism has both approaching and active ramifications on a nation's equalization of installments. Today, tourism is a noteworthy wellspring of pay for some nations, and influences the economy of both the source and host nations, sometimes being of indispensable significance. 

Tourism endured as an aftereffect of a solid monetary stoppage of the late-retreat, between the second 50% of 2008 and the end of 2009, and the episode of the H1N1 flu virus,yet gradually recouped. Worldwide tourism receipts (the travel thing to be decided of installments) developed to US$1.03 trillion (€740 billion) in 2011, comparing to an expansion in genuine terms of 3.8% from 2010.International vacationer landings surpassed the point of reference of 1 billion sightseers comprehensively without precedent for 2012,[6] that year in which China turned into the biggest high-roller in universal tourism all inclusive with US$102 billion, surpassing Germany and United States. China and developing markets, for example, Russia and Brazil had essentially expanded their spending over the past decade.

Etymology

William F. Theobald (1994) suggested that "etymologically, the word tour is derived from the Latin, 'tornare' and the Greek, 'tornos', meaning 'a lathe or circle; movement around a central point or axis'. This meaning has changed in modern English to represent 'one's turn'. The suffix –ism is defined as 'an action or process; typical behaviour or quality', while the suffix, –ist denotes 'one who performs a given action'. When the word tour and the suffixes –ism and –ist are combined, they suggest the action of moving in a circle. Describing a circle implies returning to one's starting point, so a tour is a round-trip journey, i.e., the act of leaving and ultimately returning to the original starting point. Therefore, one who takes such a journey can be called a

International tourism expenditure[edit]

The World Tourism Organization reports the following countries as the top ten biggest spenders on international tourism for the year 2014.

Rank	Country	UNWTO Region [22]	International tourism expenditure (2014)[23]	International tourism expenditure (2013)[24]	Market Share (%)	Change (2013 to 2014) (%)
1	China	Asia	$164.9 billion	$128.6 billion	13.2	27.1
2	United States	North America	$110.8 billion	$104.1 billion	8.9	6.4
3	Germany	Europe	$92.2 billion	$91.4 billion	7.4	0.9
4	United Kingdom	Europe	$57.6 billion	$52.7 billion	4.6	3.8
5	Russia	Europe	$50.4 billion	$53.5 billion	4.0	13.7
6	France	Europe	$47.8 billion	$42.9 billion	3.8	11.3
7	Canada	North America	$33.8 billion	$35.2 billion	2.7	3.3
8	Italy	Europe	$28.8 billion	$27.0 billion	2.3	6.9
9	Australia	Oceania	$26.3 billion	$28.6 billion	2.1	1.7
10	Brazil	South America	$25.6 billion	$25.0 billion	2.1	11.7

 tourist.

Today, three schools discuss the roots of 'tourism'. The French School, led by A. Houlot, argues that the term 'tourism' comes from the old Aramaic Tur, which was used for the exploration and movement of people in the Bible. This word was used for the first time when Moses began his expedition to the lands of Canaán. Another school of thought, the Onomastic Sc

Significance of tourism

Strandkorb chairs on Usedom Island, Germany. Not only does the service sector grow thanks to tourism, but also local manufacturers (like those producing the strandkorb), retailers, thereal estate sector and the generalimage of a location can benefit a lot.

Tourism is an important, even vital, source of income for many regions and countries. Its importance was recognized in the Manila Declaration on World Tourism of 1980 as "an activity essential to the life of nations because of its direct effects on the social, cultural, educational, and economic sectors of national societies and on their international relations."^[2][14]

Tourism brings in large amounts of income into a local economy in the form of payment for goods and services needed by tourists, accounting for 30% of the world's trade of services, and 6% of overall exports of goods and services.^[5] It also creates opportunities for employment in the service sector of the economyassociated with tourism.^[15]

The service industries which benefit from tourism include transportation services, such as airlines, cruise ships, and taxicabs; hospitality services, such asaccommodations, including hotels and resorts; and entertainment venues, such asamusement parks, casinos, shopping malls, music venues, and theatres. This is in addition to goods bought by tourists, including souvenirs, clothing and other supplies.hool, considers the origin of the concept not from a linguistic perspective but rather links it to the last name of the French aristocrat Della Tour. According to this school, after Carlos V signed a treaty with England in 1516, in celebration of this event, the future king gave the Della Tour family exclusive rights to conduct commercial transport and related businesses. A third school focuses on the Anglo-Saxon world, and scrutinises Theobald´s thesis. Surmising that the roots of the word 'tourism' lie in the ancient Anglo-Saxon term Torn, these scholars have found evidence that the term was coined in the 12th century by farmers to denote travel with an intention to return. Over the centuries, the meaning of the word has shifted. By the middle of the 18th century, English noblemen used the term 'turn' to refer to trips undertaken for education and cultural exploration. In reality, the purpose of the noblemen’s trips to the different parts of the kingdom was to acquire knowledge that was later useful for governing

Rank	Country	UNWTO Region [22]	International tourist arrivals (2014)[23]	International tourist arrivals (2013)[23]	Change (2013 to 2014) (%)	Change (2012 to 2013) (%)
1	France	Europe	83.7 million	83.6 million	0.1	1.0
2	United States	North America	74.8 million	70.0 million	6.8	4.0
3	Spain	Europe	65.0 million	60.7 million	7.1	4.6
4	China	Asia	55.6 million	55.7 million	0.1	2.5
5	Italy	Europe	48.6 million	47.7 million	1.8	1.9
6	Turkey	Europe	39.8 million	37.8 million	5.3	4.9
7	Germany	Europe	33.0 million	31.5 million	4.6	2.1
8	United Kingdom	Europe	32.6 million	31.1 million	5.0	4.1
9	Russia	Europe	29.8 million	28.4 million	5.3	8.2
10	Mexico	North America	29.1 million	24.2 million	20.5	2.2

Social TOURISM

Social TOURIS

It is well known fact that travelling has been a human phenomenon since the beginning of human civilization. It is a sensitive factor of the human nature in the context of moving to survive, explore and to know that unknown. Yet tourism is often taken to be a new phenomenon associated with our present civilization. The ancients undertake travels for personals or collective interest or out of curiosity and regions sentiments. But the modern science and technology advancement, higher incomes and saving longer, leisure times, demographic expansion, cheaply facilitated and diversified tourists services, spread of education etc. have made the term “Tourism” more households as well as the most dynamic  and important for not only developing countries. Nepal, a country of natural paradise, is unique due to its peculiar topography, diverse climate and cultural heritage. Nepal has many tourists’ destinations and range of comparative advantages. The most spectacular mountains in the world, people of different races, religious, cultures, and costumes, a wide variety of flora and fauna and a varied climate are the large and growing tourist’s world. To develop sustainable tourism and to achieve the opium socio-economic benefits, the activities like eco -tourism, community based tourism or village tourism; social tourism should be highly promoted.

Nepal one of the most unique exotic and remote destinations in the tourism map of the world unquestionably a country deemed with countless natural wonders and exhilarating tourism products. The treasury of its product potentiality is endless. It’s not only the highest peak Mt. Everest and the deepest gorge of kali-Gandaki but there are other innumerable natural, cultural and never-to-be found elsewhere features in this land. Once visited, one is tempted to visit Nepal again. This is a country old historic monuments and heritage site. It wouldn’t be an exaggeration to say tourism potentiality of Nepal, if utilized properly and with a little seriousness on the part of the plans and policy makers; it would prove itself like the Hen that used to lay Golden eggs in fairy tales.

Social tourism is Community based tourism which enables tourists to discover local habitats, wildlife and to celebrates and respects traditional cultures, rituals and wisdom. The community will be aware of the commercial and social value placed on their natural and cultural heritage through tourism, and this will encourage community to conserve these resources. Supporting community-based tourism, tourist can immerse in the day-to-day lives of local and indigenous people while helping them to preserve their environment and cultural heritage by sharing idea and knowledge. In return tourist gets rare opportunities to experience local communities in a low price instead of paying high price for the hotel and resort. Many successful experiences in development countries prove that tourism can become a leading sector for the people who conserve natural resources and live on it. Local people of these countries jointly cooperate in Community Based Tourism and this gives not only economic benefits for them but also becomes an example of community involved decision making process. A community by definition implies individuals with some kind of collective responsibility, and the ability to make decisions by representative bodies.

Also Social tourism is aimed at benefiting the whole community by contributing to the economic and social development of regions and citizens as the whole. All the players in the tourism development are subject to the same expectations of professionalism and competence, whether facility managers or entrepreneurs, guides or tour organizers, entertainers or educators.

Recognizing Nepal’s immense potential in Tourism, some of the NGOs has already entered and JCYCN also planning to enter into this sector, with a strict aim of promoting community-based socio-environmentally friendly tourism. Ecotourism is gradually becoming a priority as it is proved to be the alternative economic activity to the local community. The organization sees itself as a social partner for community development through tourism to create economic, social and environmental value in the community. It believes that the overall longevity of the organization success depends upon its ability to create value in these three areas simultaneously. Hence, JCYCN is   currently working to develop variety of nature-based tourism activities that have been combined with a conservation and community development programme in coordination with GOs and LNGOs.

The main aim for operating social tourism is to be able to preserve the forest, respect the culture and traditions of the people and place, and practice self-taught skills in tourism while generating income for the local community in an ecologically sound and sustainable way, raise level of consciousness to the concept of ecotourism and the environment among local community. By introducing tourism, JCYCN will demonstrate that economic success lies in social and environmental sustainability.

A small effort will be made to involve the local people not only by creating job opportunities in the service sector, but by involving them in the management of tourism development as well. This is a long- term procedure, which requires funds, patience and good will from both sides. The socio-economic environment helps to make community-based tourism a reality.